Cynthia Carroll

American-born businesswoman and mining executive. Educated at Skidmore College, University of Kansas, and Harvard Business School. Started career as petroleum geologist at Amoco (1982–1987), working on oil and gas exploration. Joined Alcan in 1989, rising to president and CEO of Primary Metal Group by 2002. Named CEO of Anglo American in March 2007, becoming one of only three female FTSE 100 chief executives at that time and the first non-South African in the role. Ranked fourth most powerful woman in the world by Forbes in 2009. Stepped down as CEO in October 2012.